MARINERS VOICE

  Types of starters? Dol (direct online starter)-  (5hp) Star delta starter- (5 hp to 20 hp) Auto Transformer - (20 hp to 50hp) Soft starter - (above 50hp) Where its used onboard? Dol  starter Boiler feed pump  Circulating pump  Gear pump  Bilge pump  Fwg distilled pump  Stern lub oil pump.   Star delta starter  Jcw pump (HT and LT) Ballast pump  Sea water pump. Auto Transformer Bow thruster  M/e lo pump  Soft starter Washing machine  Spring drier  Grinder.

WHAT IS WELDING TRANSFORMER?  IT IS A STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER USED TO REDUCE THE VOLTAGE APPROXIMATELY 15V - 45V TO PRODUCE THE CURRENT OF 200- 600AMPS IN SECONDARY WINDING, PRIMARILY WINDING->THIN WIRE AND MORE TURN(BECAUSE LOW CURRENT THIN WIRE CAN CARRY) SECONDARY WINDING ->THICK WIRE LESS TURN(HIGH CURRENT IS PROVIDED) CONSTRUCTION OF WELDING TRANSFORMER? It is a auto Transformer It has a magnetic field core with primary winding which is thin wire and large number if turn. A secondary winding with less turn thick wire. Due to this arrangement its a step down Transformer. So we get less voltage and high current output. DC WELDING TRANSFORMER  is also same working like ac welding Transformer. But in dc welding Transformer rectifier is provided to convert ac, in out put of   secondary winding. Also connect a indictor or filter to get the smooth dc current, This is the construction of welding Transformer. (Please check  the image) Working of welding Transformer? Its is the step dow

  Reason is simple, SURVIVER MAY ASK WHY WE CAN'T SYNCHRONISE SHORE SUPPLY AND GENERATOR ? Both have different frequencies or voltage, While ship's GENERATOR is running we can't close the shore supply circuit breaker, is because interlocking is provided.

  It will reduce the strength of the crankshaft. May possible to occur crack or failure So we drill the hole in a/e Engines. For main engine we use semi build crank shaft .- web and crank pin both are single oice  For a/e engine we use forged crank shaft- its fully moulded type.good fatigue strength.

CYLINDER COOLING/JACKET COOLING FUEL VALVE COOLING PISTON COOLING CHARGE AIR COOLING CYLINDER COOLING/ JACKET COOLING   FRESH WATER OR DISTILLED WATER WILL BE USE . IT WILL INCORPORATED COOLING OF TURBINES IN TURBOCHARGER ENGINE AND EXHAUST VALVE COOLING. FUEL VALVE COOLING FRESH WATER WILL BE USED, IT WILL BE THE SEPARATE SYSTEM  PISTON COOLING USE MAY BE FRESH WATER LUBRICATION OIL OR DISTILLED WATER. IF OIL IS USED IN THIS SYSTEM, ITS GENERALLY COMMON WITH LUBRICATION OIL SYSTEM. CHARGE AIR COOLING SEA WATER WILL BE USED IN THIS SYSTEM  

 Battery Rating: Ampere-hour Battery capacity is usually rated in terms of it's discharge at the 10 hour rate. Example: A 300Amps battery would be expected to provide 30Amps for 10 hours. 

1.Providing proper ventilation inside the compartment.  Independent exhaust fan provided [Non-sparking type; should not produce static charge] Inlet duct should be below battery level. Outlet duct top of the compartment.  [Both batteries emit Hydrogen. Hydrogen is lighter than air. It accumulate on top of  the compartment]  2.By preventing any source of ignition.  No smoking; No naked flames. Battery room lighting must be flame proof (Ex d) Room temperature to be maintained between 15°C-25°C  Battery should never be placed in emergency switchboard room. [chances of sparking due to arching of circuit breakers]  Maintenance tools must be rubberized coating to prevent accidental short circuit.  No metal jugs for filling distilled water inside batteries. Cables should be adequate size and well connected.

Cell tops must be kept clean and dry in order to reduce the risk of corrosion and electrical leakage. Terminals should be kept tight, clean and free of any deposits. The connectors can be coated with petroleum jelly. The cables should be examined from time to time for signs of corrosion. Electrolyte level should be checked and topped up with distilled water to cover the electrodes. Gas vent in the cells should be kept free from blockage by dirt or in case of alkaline batteries from crystallized electrolyte.  Pure distilled water should only be used for topping up. Specific gravity should be measured and temperature correction should be applied. A weekly log of critical parameters to be maintained.  Voltage reading of each cell should be taken while the current is actually flowing. [the voltage of battery on an open circuit is however rather misleading] First aid treatment should be understood and first aid equipment must be available at all times. 

Both batteries emit Hydrogen gas.So no naked lights allowed. Battery is stored in well ventilated room. Battery room should be clean and dry. No smoking board to be displayed. Paint work in room should be acid and alkaline resistance. Acid cells should never be placed near Alkaline cells. Never use Lead-acid batterymaintenance gear to Alkaline battery. Use proper PPE. Insulated spanner should be used to prevent accidental short circuit and may cause spark. First aid equipment should be kept near battery room. Never use the thermometer to measure electrolyte temperature. Accidental damage of thermometer cause explosion. 

Battery room  should be well ventilated, clean and dry. Both type batteries generate gas during charging. So, No smoking, Naked flames in the vicinity of batteries. Steel work and decks adjacent to lead acid batteries should be covered with acid resisting paint and alkali resisting paint used near Ni-Cd cells. Acid cells must never be placed near alkaline cells. Never use Lead-Acid battery maintenance gear to Alkaline battery installation or vice-versa.(e.g Hydrometer, topping up bottle,etc.,)

  MEO CLASS4  25/03/2021 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Crank case explosion Main engine one unit exhaust temperature is increased ,what PARAMETERS will you Check,what will be ur action, what can be the reason? BOILER MOUNTINGS AIR IN THE REFER COMPRESSOR,HOW WILL YOU FIND AND WHAT WILL BE THE ACTION. MAIN BEARING AND BOTTOM END BEARING CLEARANCE CRANK CASE EXPLOSION HOW IT WILL HAPPEN? TO MUCH CLEARANCE BETWEEN BEARINGS, OIL FLIMS MAY BREAKDOWN  DIAPHRAGM IS NOT SEALING PROPELY PISTON CROWN IS BROKEN, EXHAUST GAS MAY LEAK TO CRANK CASE, CIRCULATING LUBRICATION OIL NOT PROPER. ENGINE CHAIN DRIVE IS TOO TIGHT. WHICH MAY LEADS TO HOT SPOT. GEARS DONT HAVE PROPER LUBRICATION. PRIMARY EXPLOSION? DUE TO ANY ABOVE REASON HOT SPOT WILL CREATE. WHEN LUBRICATION OIL CONTACT WITH HOTSPOT  OIL BECOMES VAPOUR, AGAIN VAPOUR WILL COME AND  CONTACT WITH THE HOTSPOT, PRIMARY EXPLOSION WILL HAPPENED. SECONDARY EXPLOSION? AFTER THE PRIMARY EXPLOSION, PRESSURE WILL INCREASED INSIDE THE CRANKCASE. NOW CRANKCASE RE

Atomisation: Break up of the liquid fuel into a minute vapour mist. Factors affecting Atomisation :   small orifices of the injector. pressure difference between fuel line and cylinder. Temperature, mass flow rate and viscosity of the fuel. Effect of too high atomisation - After burning Very small fuel particles will not have enough kinetic energy to go through the whole combustion space. Fuel droplets gather near the fuel injector due to resistance from the dense compressed air.  Hence, they will be starved during combustion and after burning will take place. Effect of too low atomisation - Poor combustion  Larger fuel droplets will possess more kinetic energy and get deposited on the liner wall. This causes after burning and poor combustion. Carbon deposits will be seen on the liner walls, side of the piston crown and piston rings.

Boiler water tests: Alkalinity test. [a.Phenopthelin (P) alkalinity test  b.Total (T) alkalinity test ] Chloride test Excess phosphate test pH test  Amerzine test (Hydrazine test) Conductivity test (total dissolve solids test)  Hardness test Purpose of Boiler water Test: To ensure that proper chemical treatment are maintained at all time. To detect the presence of contaminants in the water that may damage the boiler and feed system. How to collect water sample for test? Test sample must be cooled to 25°C with the help of sample cooler. Allow sufficient water to flow through sample line before taking the sample, this will clear it from sedimentation. Let the water overflow from sample bottle to prevent air being trapped. Keep the bottle air tight for testing. If sample is colored or turbid, filter paper should be used for testing. Try to take sample  from same point. Try to avoid the sample to contact with air,  this will change the dissolved Oxygen content. Alkalinity test:   This is t

 Reasons:  Generator lost its residual magnetism. Faulty synchroscope. Faulty Air Circuit Breaker. Loss connection of Automatic Voltage Regulator. (exciter circuit may be open) Faulty power cable. Frequency and Voltage not matching with busbar.

 Brushless alternator  Number of phases : 3 output: 937.5 KVA  volts:  450V  frequency: 60Hz  RPM: 720rpm Insulation : Armature 'F' class  Rating: CONT Power factor:  0.8  Number of pole: 10  Amps: 1203A  Field: F'class  Excitation phase: 3 Excitation output: 21.7KVA  Excitation p.f: 0.95 Exciatation frequency: 84Hz Excitation No. of poles: 4  Excitation volts: 112V  Excitation Amp: 112V  Prime mover: Diesel engine  (this is jz one of the example of  alternator specification. surveyor may ask this specification rarely and he will ask cross  questions about insualtion and its class,power generation, power factor ) 

 Upon 1 hr. notice: Stop FWG and shut valves. Change over to high sea suction. Soot blow Auxiliary boiler, check firing amd put on auto mode. Check all air compressors oil level and put on auto mode. Charge both air bottles and drain any water from bottles and air dryer.  Shut and lock bilge overboard valve and hand over key to cheif engineer. Ensure that all bilge suction valves are shut, however not locked. [Thr security seals may be used to avoid inadvertent opening of any bilge suction valve] Start additional generator for power to mooring machinery, thrusters, deck  water, etc., Shut steam to D.B F.O.T's. Put on sewage plant and changeover valves.  At standby start additional generator as required. At standby record M/E counter, flowmeter readings, L.O sump and cyl. oil tank levels. Ensure adequate manpower available for arrival port. At FWE (finish with engine) Take over control from bridge to ECR and stop auxiliary blower. Open indiactor cocks and engage turning gear. Turn M

 check M/E preheat temperature maintained between 60° - 70°C. Check L.O p/p pr. and temp. within normal parameters. Check crosshead L.O p/p pr. and current within normal parameters. Check JCW p/p pr. and current within normal parameters. Check M/E fuel pr. and viscosity/ temperature. Check all standby pumps selected and reset repose switch. Check control air/Exh. v/v spring air pr. normal. Check Exh. Boiler circulating p/p running and pr. normal. Check stern tube L.O p/p running; pr. normal and sump level OK. Check all air compressors oil level and put on Auto mode. Charge both air bottles and drain water to air bottles and dryer. Confirm M/E L.O sump level normal. Check M/E T/Cs and governor oil levels normal. Check F.O purifier, service tank and drain tank levels. Check L.O purifier running normal. Check steering gear and confirms oil levels normal. Complete all steering gear check with bridge. Start 2nd generator or standby generator and take on load and put necessary breakers ON. T

Back pressure low alarm and shut down Back pressure high alarm and  shut down Feed pressure low alarm and shut down High oil temperature alarm and shut down Low oil temperature alarm and shut down Heavy phase overflow (purifier abnormal alarm will come) Low sealing water pressure  Bowl not open (detected by a current sensing relay) water in oil (detected by transducer)

 Safety valve Pressure gauge Easing gear Air vent Water level indicators (Boiler control panel & ECR panel) Boiler gauge glass Low water level alarm Low low water level alarm and shut down (Trip) High water level alarm Low F.O pressure alarm Low F.O temperature alarm (Trip) High F.O temperature alarm (Trip) Low steam drum pressure alarm  High steam drum pressure alarm (Trip) Forced draught fan stop alarm Flame failure alarm Smoke density high alarm  Note: surveyor will ask what are alarms and what are trips 

Drain valve Unloader  Bursting Disc (Copper disc)  Fusible plug (50% Bi, 30% Tin, 20% Pb) Relief valve L.O low pressure alarm and trip Jacket Cooling water High temperature trip Jacket water no-flow trip High air temperature trip Motor overload trip

Flame trap (at joint where manifold to each cylinder starting line) Bursting disc cap or relief valve Automatic shut-off master valve Non-return start air valves Drain cock in the manifold and at other parts Drain cock before shut-off valve Temperature sensors and pressure gauges  Running direction and turning gear engaged interlocks to prevent accidental starting

Overspeed trip  Emergency manual trip L.O low pressure trip Camshaft L.O low pressure trip Thrust bearing high temperature trip Main bearing high temperature trip JCW low pressure slow down alarm Piston cooling water low pressure slow down alarm Main engine fuel leak tank alarm  Sump oil level low alarm Spring air pressure low with starting air valve system line. OMD-alarm  Scavenge fire alarm  

Thermometer Pressure gauge Dip stick crankcase door relief valve cylinder head relief valve F.O low pressure alarm L.O low pressure alarm and trip L.O high temperature alarm Cooling F.W high temperature alarm Cooling F.W low pressure trip Fuel leak tank alarm Starting air pressure low alarm Exhaust gas high temperature alarm  Windings high temperature alarm Pedestal bearing high temperature alarm Overspeed trip Reverse power relay

Main Engine (Auto Slowdown) Oil mist high density Scavenge air box fire Main L.O low pressure Cylinder cooling F.W low pressure Cylinder L.O non-flow Cylinder cooling F.W high temperature Piston cooling oil high temperature Stern tube bearing high temperature  Thrust bearing segment high temperature Exhaust gas outlet high temperature/high deviation Exhaust Gas Economizer high temperature Exhaust Gas Economizer water non-flow

Crankcase relief door Scavenge space relief door  starting air line relief valve cylinder head relief valve Flame trap Oil Mist Detector Running direction interlock Turning gear interlock

Em'cy lighting Navigational lights Fire detection and alarming system Internal communication equipment Daylight signalling lamp and ship's whistle. 

Em'cy lighting to alley way/lifeboat embarkation deck/ engine room Navigational system steering gear Em'cy fire pump Em'cy air compressor Battery charging Fire detection and alarming system Radio equipment (communication equipment) Daylight signalling lamp and ship's whistle Navigation Aids General alarm Manual fire alarm  Watertight doors

 what is Em'cy switchboard? It is a switchboard which distributes emergency load that power is supplied from emergency generator during main switchboard failure. It has two sections. one for 440V another is 220V. Under normal conditions, 440V supply is taken from Engine Room MSB through a circuit breaker. when main power is lost, this circuit breaker is tripped (opened) Emergency generator comes into action and supplies power through another circuit breaker.  An interlock is given to prevent closing of both breakers simultaneously. Em'cy switchboard distribution: Em'cy bilge p/p (440V) sprinkler system (440V) one of the steering gear motor(440V) Navigation equipment.(220V) Radio Communication.(220V) Transformed and rectified supply to battery system (220V) Transitional em'cy power battery(em'cy lights for 30 mins) Low power DC system battery(Alarms and control system)

WHAT ARE THE REASON FOR PURIFIER OVERFLOW? INCORRECT DISC SIZE  TOO HIGH FUEL OIL TEMPERATURE  TOO MUCH FEED RATE  TOO MUCH SLUDGE I SIDE THE BOWEL LOW RPM OF THE BOWL SEALING WATER FAILURE OPERATING WATER FAILURE MAIN SEALING RING WORN OUT. WHAT ARE THE REASON FOR VIBRATION ON PURIFIER? TOO MUCH SLUDGE BEARING FAILURE FAILURE OF FOUNDATION BOLT GEAR WORN OUT  UNEVEN TOUCHING WITH FRICTION CLUTCH MOTOR SPEED IS TOO LOW OE TOO HIGH. WHY WE ARE NOT GETTING ENOUGH RPM WHEN PURIFIER IS RUNNING? IMPROPER TOUCHING WITH FRICTION CLUTCH TOUCHING WITH BREAK EXCESSIVE SLUDGE IN SIDE THE PURIFIER BEARING FAILURE ONE PHASE POWER FAILURE MOTOR RUNNING OVERSPEED. SURVIVER WILL ASK YOU GOW TO CHANGE  THE PURIFIER HFO TO DO? REPLACE THE GRAVITY DISC  (WHICH IS SMALLER THAN HEAVY OIL) OPEN HEATER BYPASS VALVE  CLOSE THE HFO HEATER'S IN AND OUT VALVE  AND OPEN THE DRAIN VALVE OF HEATER. ( SOME PURIFIER DESIGN ONLY FOR DO WHICH WILL NOT CHANGEOVER TO HFO.) HOW WILL YOU ADJUST PURIFIER BOWEL HEIGHT? F

  Why we are using purifier in onboard? To avoid the sulphur corrosion To remove the water and sludge from the fuel oil  What are the causes of sulphur corrosion ? Liner worn out  Fuel injector worn out  Piston ring worn out  Difference between purifier and clarifier? Purifier    Remove the water and solid from the oil Two outlet on top, (one for dirty water one for oil) Gravity disc is provided. Blond disc is fitted on top of the stack Sealing water is required for starting  Lower disc have holes. Clarifier Remove the solid from the liquid  Only outlet for clean oil  No gravity disc  Blind disc on the bottom Lower disc has no holes  How do you change the purifier to clarifier? Remove the gravity disc Set the ind disc at bottom Shut the sealing water Water outlet also closed. Purpose of Gravity disc / dam ring ? It will set the interface line between the water and oil. Reason for multi disc provided in purifier? To separate the liquid into thin layers and it will create the shallow set

  CLASS A     FORMING AS A BULKHEADS DECKS  MADE OF STEEL OR OTHER SUITABLE MATERIAL. ONE HOUR STANDARD FIRE TEST FOR PREVENT THE PASSAGE OF SMOKE AND FLAME. INSULATED BY NON COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL. MINIMUM TEMPERATURE ON  UNEXPLORED SIDE SHOULD NOT RISE ABOVE 139° C. POINT TEMPERATURE ABOVE 180°C A60 - 60 MINUTES A30 - 30 MINUTES A15 - 15 MINUTES A0 - 0 MINUTES CLASS B  FORMING BY A BULKHEADS DECKS AND CEILING AND LINING. 30 HOURS STANDARD FIRE TEST OF FLAME  UNEXPLORED TEMPERATURE 139°C ABOVE ORIGINAL POINT TEMPERATURE RISE MORE THAN 225°C  NON COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL  B15 - 15 MINUTES B0 - 0 MINUTES CLASS C    CONSTRUCTED AS A DECK  APPROVED BY SOLAS AND CLASSIFICATION SOCIETY AS A NON COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL. NOT REQUIRED TO STANDARD FIRE TEST.

  SEEMP     SEEMP is designed to achieve better energy efficiency Ship efficiency management plan provide a mechanism to improve the energy efficiency of the ship in a cost effective manner. SEEMP made mandatory for all the ship as per MARPOL   SEEMP divided into two parts     part A :  ship specific measure that have been adopted by company to improve energy efficiency.  FUEL EFFICIENCY OPTIMIZATION WEATHER ROUTINE DRAFT AND TRIM OPTIMIZATION PROPELLER AND HULL CLEANING SPEED OPTIMIZATION TIME MAINTENANCE PART 2: Applicable for the all ship of 5000gt and above. Should collect the data .   TYPE OF FUEL CONSUMED  AMOUNT OF EACH FUEL CONSUMED DISTANCE TRAVELED HOURS UNDER WAY.

  Internal mountings. O gee ring  Demister Ring and distributor  Fusible plug  External mountings   Pressure gauge Steam stop valve  Auxiliary steam stop valve  Bottom blow down valve  Scum blow down valve  Safety valve  Salinometer valve  Feed checker valve  Gauge glass  Vent 

  SMOKE TUBE BOILER   LOWER RATE OF EVAPORATION LOW PRESSURE BOILER  LESS COMPACT SIZE  GAS PASSES THROUGH TUBES  USED FOR LOW STEAM  DEMAND AREA  NORMAL QUALITY OF WATER CAN USE  MORE STORAGE CAPACITY OF STEAM. WATER TUBE BOILER HIGH RATE OF EVAPORATION HIGH PRESSURE BOILER  COMPACT SIZE USED FOR HIGH DEMAND AREA WATER QUALITY SHOULD BE GOOD  LOW STEAM HOLDING CAPACITY.

  Ship security officer is the person onboard . He is designed by the company, he is responsible for the security of ship. Including implementation and maintenance of ship security plan  and he will be direct contact with cso and pfso. Duties and responsibilities of sso. Proposing modification in ssp  Reporting all security incident Ensuring security equipments are in operation  Ensuring adequate training provided to onboard persons.

Documents   Ship construction drawing Ship construction file Coating technical file (what kind of paint) Stability information  Damage stability Fire control plan booklet Fire safety operational booklet Maintenance plan Training manual Onboard training & drill record Narical chart & publications IAMSAR  Record of navigation activities Manoeuvring booklet. Ais test report Record of rest hours Ship safety an ans procedure for recovery of the person from water. Oil Record Book MSDS of all cargo SOPEP Garbage management plan. Cargo secure manual Ship security plan and associated record. Fuel oil change over procedure. Bunker Delivery note and sample SEEMP Log book EEDI technical file Nox technical file. Record book of engine parameters. Noise survey report. Ozone depletion substance record Search and rescue co operation plan  List if operational limitations Decision support system for master. Enhance survay report file. Cargo information. Ship structure access manual. COW operation

Tonnage certificate Load line certificate Load line exemption certificate International ship security certificate Continues synopsis record. Minimum safe manning documents . Certificate for master & officers & ratings Document of compliances. Safety management certificate International oil Pollution prevention certificate. International Pollution prevention certificate for carriage of noxic liquid substance in bulk. Document of compliances with special requirements ship carrying dangerous goods. International sewag Pollution prevention certificate. International energy efficiency certificate. International air Pollution prevention certificate. Engine International air Pollution prevention certificate. International anti fouling system certificate. Declaration of anti fouling system. Voyage data recorder. Passanger ship safety certificate Special trade passanger ship safety certificate and special trade passanger ship space certificate. Cargo ship safety certificate. ✅Cargo ship

  GAUGE GLASS BLOW THROUGH SHUT THE STEAM SIDE VALVE  SHUT THE WATER SIDE VALVE  NOW OPEN THE DRAIN VALVE  NOW GAUGE GLASS BECOME EMPTY. NOW OPEN THE STEAM SIDE VALVE ,IF STEAM COME OUT WITHOUT ANY DEFICIENCY WHICH MEANS STEAM SIDE IS CLEAR . NOW CLOSE THE STEAM SIDE  OPEN THE WATER SIDE, IF WATER  WILL COME OUT WITHOUT ANY DEFICIENCY WHICH MEANS  WATER SIDE IS CLEAR. NOW CLOSE THE WATER SIDE  AND CLOSE THE DRAIN VALVE. NOW OPEN THE WATER SIDE FIRST, WATER WILL RISE AND FILL UP THE GAUGE GLASS. NOW OPEN THE STEAM SIDE STEAM WILL COME INTO GAUGE GLASS AND SHOW THE EXTRACT LEVEL OF INSIDE  BOILER WATER. Notes SURVIVER MAY ASK YOU OPEN WATER SIDE FIRST  (If we open steam side first gauge glass will breake because of lantern heat.)

 

  Starting of IG System Boiler should be on. Set the line for deck seal pump  Set the line for scrubber pump Set the line for O2 analyser. Set the line on blower, Now put the breaker to on position.  Ig starts & running. Function of ig parts. Scrubber tower: Gas will be cooled down to working temperature. Solid particles will removed  Soluble gas and Sox and carbon gases set mixed with water and draun out. Demister    Demister made on wire gauge. Act as a water absorbent. It Moisture will removed and gas will br dry. Blower There will be two blower . One for stand by another one will send the gas freeing to cargo tank. Pressure regulator valve  It regulates ig pressure asper discharge rate of cargo and maintain always  positive pressure inside the tank. O2 analyser . It will analyse the oxygen content flowing with gas  Temperature recorder. If ig gas above 57°c it will not allow the gas to cargo tank. Bleed valve  Its a three way valve  .if o2 content is High in ig gas it will open

MECHANICAL FOAM used for classA and ClassB fires 74g of co2 cartage will be used @36 bar pressure 97% of water and 3% of AFF ( aqueous Film forming foam) Duration 60sec  length of flow 6meter AFF contain- surfactant such as sodium alkyl sulfate, fluoro surfactant such as fluoro telecom atomic  acid. Safeties Safety pin Relief valve

  WATER TYPE FIRE EXTINGUISHER Used for classA and ClassB fires like (wood, paper) Should use Minimum 9 to maximum 13.5 lit capacity of water as per the solas regulation. 74g of cg cartage should be used  Duration 60 seconds lenth of the 6 meter  Pressure will difference as per the capacity and weight of the cylinder. Safeties Relief hole, and safety pin  Maintenance Weekly : Check and clean the nozzle and seal. Monthly : Check internal and external  And co2 cartage and safety pin and weight Yearly Pressure test @ 36 bar

Air compressor starting procedure manually. Change over the switch to manual position on the switch board. Check the L.O sump level and condition. Open the moisture drain valve.  Open the compressor discharge valve and charging valve of air bottle. Open cooling water system valves. Turn  compressor flywheel by hand (one turn) Now Start the motor, after that  draining the moisture and shut the drain valve. Check the motor ampere consumed. Check the pressure gauge readings. Frequently drain the moistures. Once the charging full, open drain valve and stop the compressor.

Reasons for purifier overflow Incorrect purifier disc size [Inside diameter too large] Too low fuel oil temperature Too much rate of throughput  Too much sludge inside the bowl Low speed (rpm) of bowl rotation Sealing water failure Operating water failure Worn out main sealing ring. Important Note:   surveyor will ask you the following cross questions Q1. what is throughput?  ANS: Purifier feed (inlet) Q2. what is the meaning of overflow? ANS: Overflow means oil leaking to water side or water leaking to oil side due to failure of interface between these two liquids. Q3.How will you come to know your purifier is overflowing when you are being in ECR? ANS:  Purifier abnormal alarm will come Sludge tank high level alarm will come

Air compressor safeties  Drain valve Unloader  Bursting disc Fusible plug  Relief valve  L.O low pressure alarm and trip L.O low level alarm (sump) J.C.W high temperature alarm and trip Jacket water no-flow trip  High air temperature trip  Motor overload trip   {Note: if surveyor asking this question in oral exam, definitely he will ask what are alarms and what are trips separately}

REGULATION FOR THE PREVENTION OF AIR POLLUTION. APPLY TO    ALL SHIPS  CERTIFICATES   INTERNATIONAL AIR POLLUTION PREVENTION CERTIFICATE ENGINE INTERNATIONAL AIR POLLUTION PREVENTION CERTIFICATE. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY CERTIFICATE. NITROGEN OXIDE (NOx) APPLY TO   EACH ENGINE OF 130KW AND ABOVE (MAIN ENGINE ND AUX ENGINE) NOT APPLY TO   EMERGENCY GENERATOR, LIFE BOAT ENGINE HOW NOX WILL PRODUCED?  USUALLY OXYGEN IS 21% IN AIR. AND NITROGEN IS 78% IN AIR . WHEN BOTH ARE REACT WITH TEMPERATURE OF 1100°C IT BECOME NOx WHICH IS HARM TO ENVIRONMENT. REASON FOR NOx PRODUCTION.?  HIGHT CYLINDER TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE DURING THE COMPRESSION. HEAVY LOAD ON ENGINE OR ENGINE UNIT. IMPROPER AOR AND FUEL MIXTURE. HIGH TEMPERATURE OF SCAVENGE AIR. JACKET WATER HIGH TEMPERATURE. METHODS OF REDUCE NOx EMISSIONS? HUMIDITY AIR METHOD  EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION METHOD. WATER INJECTION AND WATER EMULSION. SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION TWO STAGE TURBOCHARGER  NOx TECHNICAL FILE ENTRIES . ANY MAJ

  Annex 1  Apply To     All ships  Certificate International oil Pollution prevention certificate. Survey required  Oil tanker 130gt and above  Normal vessel 400gt and above  Internal survey  Renewal survey Intermediate survey Annual survey DISCHARGE CRITERIA ABOVE 400 GT FOR NORMAL VESSEL DISCHARGE CRITERIA OUTSIDE OF SPECIAL AREA. THE SHIP IS PROCEEDING ENROUTED  THE OIL MIXTURE PROCESS THROUGH THE OIL FILTERING EQUIPMENT. OIL CONTENT EFFULGENT DOESN'T EXCEEDED 15PPM OILY MIXTURE DOESN'T ORIGINATED FROM CARGO PUMP ROOM BILGES ON OIL TANKERS. THE OILY MIXTURE IN CASE OF OIL TANKER IS NOT MIX WITH CARGO RESIDUALS. DISCHARGE CRITERIA FOR SPECIAL AREA   SHIP OF 400GT AND ABOVE  FOR NORMAL VESSEL  SAME LIKE OUTSIDE OF SPECIAL AREA(ABOVE MENTIONED)  BUT IN ATLANTIC SEA DISCHARGE IS PROHIBITED. DISCHARGE CRITERIA FOR OIL TANKER OUTSIDE OF SPECAL AREA. SHIP OF 150GT AND ABOVE  FOR TANKERS . SHIP IS NOT IN SPECAL AREA  SHIP IS PROCEEDING ENROUTED SHIP IS IN 50 NAUTICAL MILES FROM NEAR

Stiff ship and tender ship     STIFF SHIP When a metacentric height and righting lever distance is large, Ship have excessive stability Ship will come to its normal upright position very quickly when its heeled. Tender ship When metacentric height and righting lever distance is very small.  Ships have less stability Ship will come to its  normal  upright position very slowly when its heeled. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN STIFF SHIP & TENDER SHIP?

MEO CLASS 4 self activating radio transponder  made of buoyancy material as per SOLAS min 1 should be carried, as per dg shipping 2 should be carried, battery storage life is 5 years. attached in bridge wings with HRU  it capable of flooding and automatically activated in the event of flooding. once it is activated it will continuously sends the radio signal at least 48 hours . it will send the code message via satellite. frequency is 406.5Ghz signal recived by the rescue coordination center,  EPIRB capable of send signal to 3NM  some of EPIRB have in build GPS which accuracy is  located to  +- (1- 50) meters  cospassart satellite    signal will update every 20 mints

  indicator diagram  At the same time it will indicate pressure and the position of piston. Purpose: To indicate the power developed in the system (cylinder). To indicate the pressure maximum (Pmax) and compression pressure To find the exhaust and scavenging condition To evaluate the combustion process.   Types of indictor diagram. Draw card  Power card Compression card Light spring diagram DRAW CARD    Its used to find the Pmax & Pcom accurately With this draw card we can find the ignition delay,fuel pump timing and after burning and the loss of compression. Its 90° out off phase with piston movement. POWER CARD Its used to find the indictor power. And to find the peak pressure and compression pressure. Its in-phase with piston with fuel on. It can be find by planimeter. COMPRESSION CARD Its used to find the compression pressure. Ans the cylinder thickness. Its in-phase cut off fuel and reduce rpm. LIGHT SPRING DIAGRAM Its used to find the pressure variation in the cylinder. With

FOAMING Formation of thick layer of steam bubbles. PRIMING   Its the condition of large amount of water carried over alone  with the steam  EFFECT OF FOAMING AND PRIMING water hammering Contamination Scale formation Fluctuation in water level

2/03/2021 MEO CLASS 4 INTERNAL- SHIRISH Function 3   FREEBOARD AND ITS PURPOSE     Distance measured from water line to top of the deck.   Purpose-   Its the protection and closure opening such as hatchway, door ways, ventilation, air pipes, scuppers, and prevent the water accumulation.    Chamber    The transverse cure of the deck from center line to side shells   To drive the water outside of the deck .. Tumble home  In some ship's side shells are slightly inverted facing to centre line this is called tumble home. Sheer    The curvature of the deck from mid ship to forward and aft .  Free surface effect click on this link Free surface effect Stiff ship  Its the condition of ship's metacentric height and righting level is large. At any angle resistance to rolling. Tender ship    When metacentric and righting lever both distance is small  At any angle ship will roll. Pounding  When a ship is sailing in heavy weather bow rises above the water because of waves, bow will completel